Abstract
Autophagy is a complex intracellular degradation process that is evolutionarily conserved across species. Autophagy is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and is implicated in many physiological (e.g., starvation, damaged organelle removal, exercise, and intracellular pathogen removal) and pathological conditions, including protection against disease, such as cancer. A dual role of autophagy in cancer has been described, and whereas it plays a major role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and therefore inhibiting tumor growth in the early stages of tumorigenesis, it also has protumorigenic functions in established tumors. Thus, it is essential to understand the specific function of autophagy in each tumor type and stage. This chapter provides an overview of the different roles of autophagy in cancer.
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