Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter presents several case examples of health risk characterization for lead (Pb) in various U.S. lead exposure scenarios. Two of these are for selected actual exposure scenarios derived from U.S.-based measurement or modeled data. In these cases, risk is characterized at some accepted value for an operational, that is, empirical threshold for lead toxicity. The first example discusses health risk characterization of Pb at the Silver Valley, Idaho. The second example presents the multistudy pooled analysis of exposure modeling as compiled for interior dust Pb and soil/exterior Pb exposures. This pooled analysis presents predicted exceedance percentages above selected toxicity thresholds. The third example presents some of the salient features of a full-scale health risk characterization described by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (EPA OAQPS), carried out as a part of the risk assessment modalities employed as part of the revisions of the U.S. lead National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) promulgated by the agency in November 2008.
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