Abstract
Publisher Summary The chapter discusses the four complementary aspects of the central nervous system (CNS) lesion repair problem, in order to show: (1) neurotrophic and neuritogenic activities expressed in brain and spinal cord under normal circumstances are up-regulated after injury; (2) the concentration of neurite inhibitors in normal brain also increases after injury; (3) glioblast division inhibitors exist in normal CNS and that their concentration decreases after injury; and (4) Schwann-like macroglia, capable of promoting axon regeneration in injured spinal cord exist in normal CNS. Astrocyte number during CNS development or after an open injury is regulated by the coordinated action of mitogens and antimitotics, to reach a steady state. Schwann-like macroglial dells in the brain, called “aldynoglia” or “growth-promoting glia,” have the appearance and properties of early radial glia, but are found in adults. They occur in CNS loci where axon regeneration is observed throughout life, such as the olfactory system, hypothalamushypophysis, and pineal gland. Contrary to Schwann cells, they mingle with astrocytes. The chapter report anatomical, electrophysiological, and behavioral recovery from multiple rhizotomy, promoted by OBEC transplants.
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