Chapter 23 - Central Autonomic System

Abstract

The central autonomic system is defined by the cell groups that receive direct or disynaptically relayed input from the nucleus of the solitary tract, or that contribute projections to autonomic preganglionic neurons or their presynaptic inputs. The cell groups identified by these properties also project extensively among themselves, forming a true network. In this chapter, we identify the cell groups from the medulla and spinal cord through the brainstem, hypothalamus, thalamus, amygdala, and cortex that contribute to the central autonomic system. We then review the connections within the central autonomic network; the pathways that provide visceral sensory input to, and visceral motor output from the network; and the connections of the central autonomic system with cognitive, endocrine, and behavioral systems that must be integrated with autonomic responses. We also consider the neurotransmitters used by this network, and how they contribute to its functions.