Chapter 22 - Mycogenic nanoparticles and their applications as antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents in postharvest stage

Abstract

Nanotechnology has prompted advances and changes in numerous technologies and can possibly change different subjects in the agricultural area, including pesticides, biosensors, composts, development of food packing, and different situations in the farming business. In nanotechnology, nanoparticles (NPs) play a significant role. Because of the numerous benefits over nonorganic systems, a few examination groups have abused the utilization of natural systems for the synthesis of NPs, particularly metallic nanoparticles (MNP). Along these lines, in the course of the most recent decade, research with regard to nanotechnology has moved towards green and harmless NPs for the ecosystem and has become financially suitable to expand its utilization in different ventures. The biosynthesis of NPs by plants, microorganisms, etc. is a sort of green synthesis. Among the various microorganisms utilized for the production of NPs, fungi are particularly potent for the production of MNP. The incorporated NPs utilizing organisms present great polydispersity, measurements, and strength. Essentially, two strategies have been used to synthesize MNPs from fungi, i.e., the intracellular technique, which refers to NPs inside the fungal cells by the transportation of ions in the presence of biomolecules; and the extracellular strategy, which refers to the treatment of fungal biomolecules’ filtrate with metal ions. Various specialists have used mycosynthesis of Au, Ag, Au-Ag compound, Se, Te, Pt, Pd, SiO2, ZrO2, quantum spots, Fe3O4, and CdTe NPs. This chapter of the book basically evaluates the mycogenic synthesis of NPs and their mechanisms and applications.