Abstract
This chapter focuses on di-, tri-, and tetra-phenylmethanes, their derivatives, and oxidation products. The reactions of arenes with benzyl chloride, benzyl alcohol, or benzyl acetate in the presence of a variety of Lewis acids constitute a widely used route. The reaction between benzene and benzyl chloride, catalyzed by silver hexafluoroantimonate to yield diphenylmethane provides supporting evidence for the explanation offered for the formation of the same product in the reaction of N-nitrosodibenzylamine with phenacyl bromides in benzene in the presence of silver hexafluoroantimonate. Boron trifluoride catalyzes the reaction between benzaldehydes and arenes; the diphenylmethane is accompanied by small quantities of the benzoic acid. Diphenylcadmium reacts with benzyl halides, though the product may arise from alkylation of the solvent. The general methods of preparation and properties of benzhydryl halides, benzhydrylidene dihalides, benzhydrylamines, organometallic routes, reductive routes, Friedel-Crafts and other electrophilic substitutions, and oxidative routes are discussed. Organotin compounds and acid chlorides yield ketones in the presence of a palladium catalyst. The reactions of lithium carboxylates with organo-lithium and -magnesium compounds showed a prolonged reaction time for good yield of ketones.
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