Abstract
The official aims and practices of language education and assessment in Europe are fundamentally influenced by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, and Assessment (CEFR). The CEFR scale describes language proficiency with communicative and functional goals and descriptors. The CEFLING project addresses the question of how second language skills in a given language develop from one functional level to the next. It brings together two usually separate research fields: the study of second language acquisition and the study of language testing. The focus area of the CEFLING project is the development of writing. Vocabulary studies focus on the frequency, range and depth of lexis in the learners' writing across proficiency levels as well as on the development of word derivation skills and the ability to use formulaic expressions such as collocations, prepositional phrases in English and verbal structures in Finnish as well as metatextual phrases. Keywords: CEFLING; CEFR; Finnish; language proficiency; language testing; second language acquisition
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