Chapter 20 - Transcallosal and Endoscopic Approach to Intraventricular Brain Tumors

Abstract

Endoscopic surgery for intraventricular brain tumors is a useful application of endoscopic technology. Because of the central and deep location of intraventricular brain tumors, conventional neurosurgical approaches have a relative increase in potential morbidity. Auspiciously, the location of intraventricular tumors being within a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) compartment affords excellent light and image transmission. The fact that most intraventricular tumors cause hydrocephalus makes endoscopic surgery particularly attractive because simultaneous procedures can be employed both for CSF diversion and tumor management. In addition, the inherent benefits of minimally invasive techniques, including reduced surgical time, improved cosmetic results, shortened hospital stay, and reduced cost also factor into the appeal of neurosurgical endoscopy for managing intraventricular tumors. Five commonly employed endoscopic procedures are highlighted, including endoscopic fenestration, endoscopic tumor biopsy, simultaneous tumor biopsy with endoscopic third ventriculostomy, endoscopic removal of solid tumors, and endoscopic removal of colloid cysts.