Abstract

During mirror therapy (MT), a mirror is placed in the patient's midsagittal plane in such a way that the mirror image of the unaffected limb looks as if it were optically superimposed on the affected one. MT was first observed to relieve painful spasms and phantom pain in arm amputees. Soon afterward, its potential benefits for treatment of stroke-induced hemiparesis was postulated and demonstrated as well. Over the last few years, a constantly rising number of high-quality, double-blind placebo trials have been performed and published, providing good evidence for beneficial effects of MT on several pathological conditions, primarily involving stroke-induced hemiparesis and chronic pain syndromes. However, in spite of this substantial evidence for the effectiveness of MT, the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms are still not entirely clear. In this article, we present a brief summary of the actual state of current findings, along with a spectrum of opinions on how MT works.

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