Abstract
Coal may be defined as an organic rock composed of an assembly of macerals, minerals, and inorganic elements held molecularly by the organic matter. This chapter discusses the reactivity of coal mineral matter, information required for a dry mineral-matter-free (dmmf) analysis, and optimum and approximate procedures for computing dmmf analyses. The chapter discusses methods of determining oxygen directly. The oxygen is present in coals in various functional groups that play important roles in the chemistry and geochemistry of the fuel. Thus, part of the oxygen is phenolic. The chapter also discusses the participation by mineral matter in reactions of the organic substance of coals to alert users of hazards that may be anticipated, and to indicate how the hazards may be avoided or eliminated.
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