Chapter 2 - Water pollution in rural areas: Primary sources, associated health issues, and remedies

Abstract

Growing human population and urbanization ameliorate pivotal constraints regarding quality and access points for safer water reservoirs in rural areas all around the globe. A broad spectrum of pollutions and dissolutions of toxic hazardous constituents adversely affect rural water bodies. The scarcity of safer and potable water is becoming prone to drought and potentiate pathogenic outbreaks of deadly diseases. Agricultural, domestic, and industrial run-offs negatively contribute the extra mile towards this contamination issue in rural areas through the pollution of ground and surface water resources. It ultimately creates a tremendous threat not only to the natural bio-geo-chemical cycle as well as rural community health in rural population. To this end, a paradigm shift requires to combat these issues for finding out promising remedial avenues which may minimize rural water pollution and its ill impacts on community health and the environmental ecosystem. Therefore, the current literature review extensively depicts a different aspect of rural water pollution and primary resources including health issues and potential remedies.