Abstract
Stem cells (SCs) are self-renewing, pluripotent cells that give rise to multicellular organisms, making them a major subject of research globally, with the “stem-cell niche” being the most studied aspect of SC functioning. Several types of adult stem-cell (ASC) niches, including the hematopoietic, cardiac, muscle, and neural SC niches, have been defined in the last few decades, and their interactions are being studied every day. By the end of the 20th century, the discussion around the possible existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) gave way to the study of CSC niches, areas within a tumor that can potentially harbor cancerous SCs and thus contribute to relapses and metastases. The 21st century saw the determination and characterization of specific components and their roles in both ASC and CSC niches. This chapter discusses the different types of cells and factors involved in the ASC niches and the CSC niche and their implications in regenerative medicine and anticancer therapeutics, respectively.
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