Abstract
Global economies and human health are seriously burdened by emerging infectious diseases, and many nations are still enduring invasion from a number of these pandemics. In recent years, global challenges to biosecurity, including the proliferation of infectious diseases (Influenza, Hepatitis, Dengue, Zika, COVID, HIV, Ebola, Chikungunya, etc.) and bioterrorism, have generated enormous attention. The early identification of disease is essential for successful therapeutic results and improving overall public health. Classic in-vitro diagnostics need centralized labs, tedious labor, and expensive complex equipment. Numerous electrochemical (EC) immunosensors have been designed and recommended to detect different viral diseases based on particular biomarker characteristics, including specificity, sensitivity, low cost, and fast reaction. This chapter identifies research developments in EC immunosensor viral disease-related detection. The emphasis has been on the mechanism of EC biosensor immobilization and, specifically the methods and materials employed to make biosensors. Different biomolecules for various diseases were presented. In addition, challenges and developments in utilizing immunosensors are addressed for disease-related applications.
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