Abstract
This chapter focuses on protoberberine alkaloids and C-NMR spectroscopy coupled with circular dichroism techniques (CD) that have been frequently employed for determination of conformation and absolute configuration. The biosynthesis of several protoberberine alkaloids are investigated thoroughly, and biosynthetic pathways are traced, including aberrant biosynthetic pathway. Protoberberine alkaloids exhibit a variety of biological and pharmacological effects. Protoberberine alkaloids have been isolated from callus cultures of some plants, and orientalidine has been obtained from a cell culture of Papaver bracteatum. The occurrence of some berbines in racemic, and (+) and (−) forms in plants and their co-occurrence with their corresponding dehydro bases are of biogenetic interest.
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