Chapter 2 - Predicate Logic

Abstract

When propositional logic cannot adequately provide the appropriate meaning of a statement and yet the notion of quantification is involved, predicate logic is needed to reason. This chapter briefly presents basic aspects of predicate logic. Noting quantification is a way to express the extent to which a predicate is true over a range of elements, two widely known quantifications in predicate logic are introduced, namely, universal quantification and existential quantification. Then, the topic of negations of quantified statements using De Morgan’s laws for quantifiers is introduced. Last, major aspects of nested quantifiers, where one quantifier is within the scope of another, are discussed.