Abstract
This chapter discusses fundamentals of multiphase flow through porous media. It focuses on physics and quantitative analysis of flow processes in porous media. Because of unknown nature of porous media and complex interactions of fluids and rock in reservoirs, this chapter argues that some macroscopic continuum approach has to be used to study flow processes of multiphase fluids in reservoirs. It concludes that almost all theories on flow phenomena in porous media lead to macroscopic laws using a representative elementary volume (REV) concept. Flow-governing equations can be derived from conservation of mass, energy, and momentum. It further discusses basic concepts of fluids and porous media and flow-driving mechanisms as well as extensions of Darcy's law to non-Newtonian fluid and non-Darcy flow. In addition, it shows that macroscopic laws in association with capillary pressure and relative permeability concepts make it possible to quantify flow and transport in porous media.
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