Abstract
General characteristics of cemented carbides are summarized with an emphasis on their exceptionally high combination of hardness, fracture toughness, wear resistance, and strength. Classification of different carbide grades with various WC mean grain sizes according to the ISO standard is given. Major properties of WC–Co cemented carbides in comparison with ceramics, stellite, cast iron, and steel are presented. Typical microstructures and application ranges of cemented carbides according to their Vickers hardness, WC mean grain size, and binder content are given. An estimate of the total world-wide cemented carbides' production and market shares of carbide grades for different applications are presented.
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