Chapter 2 - Basic Equations of Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics

Abstract

The basic equations of fluid mechanics and thermodynamics are mathematical expressions of the fundamental axioms of the continuum theory. These are accepted as self-evident as a result of experiments in the physical world. In engineering, the most important task is to predict the way in which the matter responds to the external effect of its surroundings. The basic principles upon which the continuous model of the matter is constructed are the conservation of mass, the balance of momentum, the balance of angular momentum, the conservation of energy, and the principle of entropy. Further balance equations can be deduced for kinetic energy, internal energy, and entropy. These are the constituents of the mathematical model of transport phenomenon, together the constitutive equations, and the equations of state.