Abstract
Plants are challenged by abiotic stress factors such as low water availability (drought), excess water (flooding/waterlogging), extremes of temperatures (cold, chilling, frost, and heat), salinity, mineral deficiency, and toxicity. The negative effects of abiotic stresses bring about changes in plant metabolism, growth, and development, in extreme cases leading to plant death. This is a specific concern in agriculture where stress-related changes limit productivity and can lead to intolerable economic loss to the breeders. It has been projected that abiotic stresses may reduce crop production by as much as 70% and many crops perform only at 30% of their genetic potential under abiotic stress conditions. Thus, understanding stress responses is essential in attempts to breed stress-resistant cultivars that can withstand abiotic stresses and nourish the growing population. Many recent studies focused on the proteome-level changes induced in plants when exposed to different abiotic stress factors. With this chapter an attempt is made to unravel fundamental plant stress-responsive mechanisms and to highlight the significance of studying changes in protein abundance in response to abiotic stress factors.
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