Abstract
This chapter explores the light that language diversity and contact research may shed on the issue of the integrity of grammatical categories. Categorization is central to linguistics. The vast majority of linguists assume that language systems are hierarchically structured systems of categories of different types, which are manipulated as components in symbolic representation systems. This chapter focuses particularly on the relations between words as lexical categories and words as syntactic categories. Most researchers assume that the lexical categories of a language are also its syntactic categories, and that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the two. This chapter explores the possibility that the match between syntactic and lexical categories is not perfect, nonetheless, and in particular, will adduce evidence from language diversity and contact research, which makes the case for such mismatches even stronger.
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