Abstract
Type XIX collagen is a member of the fibril-associated collagens with interrupted triple helices, and it acts as a cross-bridge between fibrils and other extracellular molecules. Structurally, type XIX collagen is a homotrimer, composed by three α1 chains. It is expressed in vascular, neuronal, mesenchymal, and epithelial basement membrane zones in the breast, colon, kidney, liver, placenta, prostate, skeletal muscle, skin, and spleen. This collagen has been shown to affect the phenotype for smooth muscle motor dysfunction and hypertension sphincter, by dysregulation of extracellular matrix. The functional role of type XIX collagen is not well established; however, biomarkers could assist the quantification of this protein in both healthy and pathological conditions.
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