Abstract

Exertional leg pain (ELP) in runners has a variety of presentations and a broad differential diagnosis. This chapter will focus on the most important diagnoses to consider in the running athlete including chronic exertional compartment syndrome, medial tibial stress syndrome, popliteal artery entrapment syndrome, and entrapment neuropathies. A comprehensive history, physical examination, and judicious use of diagnostic tests are required to make an accurate diagnosis. More than one etiology of ELP may exist together in the same athlete. An appropriate diagnosis allows for evidence-based treatment and increases the likelihood of an expeditious return to running.

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