Abstract
This chapter describes how trophic state , the level of ecosystem productivity, is defined by comparisons across aquatic systems and considers problems that may be associated with eutrophication. The linkages among nutrient loading, nutrients, algal biomass, water clarity, and fish production are also examined. Given the large economic costs associated with improvement of water quality, and the large costs associated with negative effects of nutrient enrichment, eutrophication continues to be a very relevant issue in lakes, streams, and wetlands. Solving eutrophication problems generally requires control of point sources and nonpoint sources of nutrients. Control of nonpoint sources includes limiting excessive application of fertilizers, terracing fields, maintaining riparian and near-shore vegetation, and keeping livestock out of water bodies with fences and provision of stock tanks. Control of point sources includes bans on phosphorus-containing detergents and treatment methods such as chemical precipitation and denitrification to remove nutrients from wastewater.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
