Abstract
The wastewater originated from pharmaceutical manufacturing industries often contains high concentrations of toxic, biodegradable/nonbiodegradable organic and inorganic compounds along with pharmaceutical residues. The pharmaceutical industry is highly diverse and includes various divisions (chemical synthesis, fermentation, extraction, and formulation) and the wastewater originated from these divisions varies greatly in terms of composition. The occurrences of pharmaceutical residues in the effluent of drug-manufacturing industries are of particular concern because conventional wastewater treatment plants are not efficient enough for the degradation of pharmaceutical residues. Considering the impact of pharmaceutical wastewater in the environment, much attention has been paid to the treatment of pharmaceutical industry wastewater by different techniques such as biological treatment, advanced oxidation processes, and combined biological and advanced oxidation processes to effectively mineralize/neutralize or degrade these micro-pollutants. This chapter provides a detailed description of the various treatment options employed and studied for the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater.
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