Chapter 17 - Concept of climate smart villages using artificial intelligence/machine learning

Abstract

Climate change induced rise in temperature, variability in rainfall, and occurrence of extreme weather events are causing pressures on global agricultural and food security. Agriculture is a major source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that contribute to climate change, accounting for 17% of GHG emissions directly from agricultural operations and another 7–14% through land-use changes. Crop productivity is anticipated to drop by roughly 5% for every 1°C increase over historical values. These global dynamics and trends provide a major challenge that will necessitate a cohesive approach. Climatic-smart agriculture is a method of altering and reorienting agricultural systems in order to secure agricultural production in the context of climatic change. Climate smart agriculture has established the climate-smart village (CSV) strategy as a way of agricultural research for development in the context of climate change (AR4D). The CSV strategy seeks to have a positive influence on agriculture-dependent communities particularly includes ensuring women farmers and all social groups participation. CSV research agenda for dealing with climate change and variability include weather smart, water smart, carbon smart, nutrient smart, seed smart, and market smart practices. CCAFS began exploring climate smart villages sites in Western Africa, Eastern Africa, and Southeast Asia in 2012, and subsequently expanded to Latin America or Asia in 2014. In India, climate smart villages were set up in Ludhiana, Delhi, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, and Karnataka. There should be given more emphasis on climate smart village approach in other states of India for reducing the impact of climate change and making farmers smart to adopt various new technologies and enhances the quality and quantity of crops to raise the economy of India.