Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses various interferon inducers, such as idoxuridine, cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C or 1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl cytosine), adenine arabinoside (Ara-A), amantadine, ribavirin, disodium phosphonoacetate (PAA), and 2-Deoxy-D glucose (2-D-G). The topical application of 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (idoxuridine, IDU) has been shown to be efficacious in the treatment of herpetic keratoconjunctivitis and is the current treatment of choice. Ara-C has been found to have in vitro activity against herpes viruses, pox-viruses and rhabdoviruses. Amantadine has been used extensively for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, with only livedo reticularis and mild ankle edema seen as additional adverse effects. Another broad- spectrum anti viral with clinical potential is 1-β-D-ribofuranoxyl-1; 2, 4-triazole-3-carboxamide (ribavirin, Virazole). Disodium Phosphonoacetate (PAA) is highly promising antiviral compound was found to be effective against HVH types 1 and 2 in tissue culture and subsequently confirmed in vivo with herpes dermatitis in mice and herpes keratitis in rabbits. 2-D-G is sugar analog is found to be effective in preventing or reducing the severity of herpetic keratitis in rabbits.
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