Chapter 16. Electrochromic Smart Windows for Green Building Applications

Abstract

Electrochromic (EC) smart windows are one of the main applications of EC materials for green buildings. By using EC smart windows in buildings, desirable energy savings in air conditioning and artificial lighting systems, as well as occupant comfort, are achieved simultaneously if the colouration of EC smart window is regulated by a suitable operation and control algorithm. In this chapter, the characteristics of EC smart windows are evaluated from the perspective of green building applications. Energy savings, as the top merit of EC smart windows, are mainly derived from reductions in energy use for air conditioning and cooling/heating peak load demand, and the reduction of artificial lighting energy consumption, while occupant comfort, especially visual comfort, can be improved by adjusting the colouration of EC smart windows to reduce the risk of glare. Although some challenges such as scalability and price act as obstacles to the widespread use of EC smart windows, many opportunities are emerging for future development. The improvement of EC materials, connection with the Internet of Things (IoT), and integration with passive building technologies are also discussed in this chapter. Because of these potentials to meet the huge demand of energy savings and occupant well-being in buildings, the market for EC smart windows is expected to increase dramatically in the near future.