Abstract
Publisher Summary The best characterized immediate early gene, c - fos, is rapidly and transiently induced by a variety of environmental signals. In the central nervous system, many types of stimuli, some linked to neuronal excitation, and some associated with the process of glial mitogenesis and differentiation, elicit a transient induction of c-fos mRNA and protein. Multiple signaling pathways appear to mediate the gene expression. Cultured cortical cells are used to investigate what kind of stimulants induces c-fos in neurons and astrocytes. This chapter shows that N-methyl- D -aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation might be essential for translation of c-fos mRNA to Fos protein in cortical neurons. Dibutyryl-cyclic AMP (db-CAMP, 1 mM) and 12-0-tetra-decanoyl-phorbol- 13-acetate (TPA, 50 nM) induced morphological changes in astrocytes by converting them from flat, non-process-bearing cells to star-shaped, process-bearing cells, and induced c-fos mRNA and FLP expression. Growth factors for astrocytes, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF, Sigma, 20ng/ml), basic fibroblast growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor also induced c-fos mRNA and FLP expression.
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