Abstract
We systematically characterize the Fabry-Perot resonator. We derive the generic Airy distribution of a Fabry-Perot resonator, which equals the internal resonance enhancement factor, and show that all related Airy distributions are obtained by simple scaling factors. We verify that the sum of the mode profiles of all longitudinal modes generates the Airy distribution. Consequently, the resonator losses are quantified by the linewidths of the underlying Lorentzian lines and not by the measured Airy linewidth. We introduce the Lorentzian finesse which provides the spectral resolution of the Lorentzian lines, whereas the usually considered Airy finesse quantifies the performance of the Fabry-Perot resonator as a scanning spectrometer.
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