Abstract
This chapter draws on comparative information from human and primate biology to explore the influence of brain size and metabolism on human growth and development. It begins by examining how variation in brain size influences metabolic demands and dietary/nutritional patterns among modern primates. Next, it briefly considers the ecological and nutritional factors that have promoted the evolution of human brain size. The chapter then examines patterns of early life brain growth in humans and how they differ from those of other primates. Finally, it explores how the high energy demands of brain growth in early childhood shape nutritional needs and patterns of growth and development in body size and composition.
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