Chapter 14 - Nanotechnology-based sustainable approaches for remediation of organic and inorganic pollutants from aqueous medium

Abstract

The anthropogenic discharge of toxic pollutants into the environment due to the release of wastewater, domestic effluents, and industrial activities is becoming an international concern. Accumulation of a trace amount of these contaminants in the water bodies may perilously impact the ecosystems. In this regard, the application of nanotechnology in drinking water treatment and pollutant remediation is promising, as demonstrated by earlier studies. Due to its low cost, effectiveness, and simplicity, the adsorptive removal of hazardous aquatic pollutants (inorganic and organic) and the sustainable use of nano adsorbents to abate highly toxic pollutants from water bodies is highly favorable. Based on the above concern, this chapter will provide an overview of the recent progress in the remediation of persistent water contaminants, including inorganic and organic species, using nanotechnology and metal oxide-based nano adsorbents. The valuable literature available on remediation, the latest advancements, the implementation of metal oxide-based materials in filters, and future perspectives will be incorporated. Furthermore, the mechanistic aspects of the adsorption process will also be highlighted. To fulfill the objectives of sustainable development and a healthy environment, this chapter offers comprehensive knowledge regarding the remediation of hazardous water contaminants.