Abstract
In wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), biotechnological processes imply the activities of microbial consortia to obtain clean water, by transforming organic and inorganic pollutants into environmental-friendly products considered valuable resources. Thus, microbial biotechnology drives the development of circular economy systems integrating environment preservation into bioenergy production and resource recovery. A crucial aspect to optimize bioenergy production and resource recovery is the study of microbial communities operating in WWTPs to be characterized for their structure (types, relationships, and relative amounts of microorganisms) and functions (metabolic and biochemical capabilities). Genome-based analyses, like metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and metaproteomics (collectively termed omics technologies), are powerful tools to characterize microbial communities.
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