Abstract
This chapter provides details on fish DNA barcoding using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene. It begins by giving an overview of DNA barcoding, focusing on drawbacks of morphological-based taxonomy and inception of DNA barcoding in 2003. It then examines the DNA barcoding projects with the focus on the Consortium for the Barcode of Life, Barcode of Life Database, and Fish Barcode of Life campaign. It then provides details on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene and its application in fish DNA barcoding. It further gives details on advances and challenges associated with DNA barcoding in fish with main focus on achievements made and challenges. This chapter ends by authors' conclusive remarks on fish DNA barcoding. We are enthusiastic that this chapter will contribute to better understanding of fish DNA barcoding and its potential to management of fish genetic resource both in the wild and aquaculture.
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