Chapter 14 - Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Oxide Based Membranes

Abstract

The accessibility of nontoxic and clean water is declining day by day, which is predicted to rise in the upcoming years. To address this issue, numerous technologies have been adopted. Among the several concepts proposed, carbon-based materials for treatment are the most favorable because of their large surface-to-area ratio, high chemical stability, low cost, and lowered chemical impact on the environment. Recently, a substantial work has been conducted to explore the potential of carbon-based materials for numerous applications. The significance, as well as the influence, of application of carbon nanotube (CNT) and graphene oxide membranes in the field of water purification is remarkable. A considerable work has been done with the incorporation of CNTs and graphene oxide as a reinforcing material to improve fouling properties and mechanical strength of polymer matrix. This chapter mainly summarizes the noteworthy points regarding the structure and properties of CNT and graphene oxide membranes. Owing to their unique structure and exceptional properties, CNTs and graphene oxide have gained much scientific interest in the field of nanomaterials and undisputedly will become the eye-catching materials. The first few sections elaborate the membranes their basic application, and then the main focus is on carbon-based membranes, CNTs, and graphene oxide. The CNT section includes the basic layout of its structure, morphology, transport phenomena, properties, and, last, applications. While graphene oxide includes its preparatory method, filtration mechanism, and, ultimately, the modifications, challenges, and future prospects.