Abstract
Over billions of years, organisms have evolved a variety of sophisticated surfaces with fascinating functions for survival. Among all these functions, self-cleaning has become one of the hottest topics in biomimicry owing to its widespread potential applications in everyday life, industry, agriculture, aerospace, and defense. Extensive studies have been conducted to understand self-cleaning mechanisms of biological surfaces such as plant leaves, insect wings, shark skins, and gecko feet. Various bio-inspired self-cleaning surfaces have been fabricated catering to applications in wet, dry, and underwater conditions. In this chapter, we will discuss the underlying self-cleaning mechanisms of the organisms and the biomimetic processes to create artificial self-cleaning surfaces along with their integration with cutting edge technologies such as anti-reflection, anti-fog, water repellency, self-healing, and micromanipulation.
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