Abstract
Emerging evidences suggest that a dysregulation of immune pathways is involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disease. The interaction between the nervous and immune systems during aging has been widely investigated; however, many aspects remain unclear. This chapter will briefly summarize the evidence linking immune dysregulation to neurodegenerative disease, in particular Alzheimer’s disease and the other types of dementia. We will discuss the role of immunosenescence and neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. We will also investigate how brain barriers’ dysfunction is implicated in immune dysregulation and the potential diagnostic and therapeutic role of peripheral inflammatory biomarkers. Finally, we will discuss the potential role of immunotherapies in neurodegenerative diseases.
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