Abstract
Four humeri of Oligoscalops are described from the early Oligocene Hsanda Gol Formation of Central Mongolia, extending the known range of Proscalopidae from North America to Asia. Several characters support allocation of the humeri to Proscalopidae, including a prominent deltoid process that is situated on the middle of the humeral shaft and a partial fusion of the medial epicondyle and teres tubercle. Like those of North American Oligoscalops, the Mongolian humeri are small in size and have a partially, but not completely, fused teres tubercle and medial epicondyle. Several hypotheses to explain the occurrence of Oligoscalops in Asia are discussed. Although none of the hypotheses are convincingly supported by existing data, efforts to determine the sister-group of Proscalopidae may yield insights into its biogeographic history.
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