Chapter 13 - Few-shot learning for dermatological disease diagnosis

Abstract

We consider the problem of clinical image classification for the purpose of aiding doctors in dermatological disease diagnosis. Diagnosis of dermatological conditions from images poses two major challenges for standard off-the-shelf techniques: First, the distribution of real-world dermatological datasets is typically long-tailed. Second, intra-class variability is large. To address the first issue, we formulate the problem as low-shot learning, where once deployed, a base classifier must rapidly generalize to diagnose novel conditions given very few labeled examples. To model intra-class variability effectively, we propose Prototypical Clustering Networks (PCN), an extension to Prototypical Networks [26] that learns a mixture of “prototypes” for each class. Prototypes are initialized for each class via clustering and refined via an online update scheme. Classification is performed by measuring similarity to a weighted combination of prototypes within a class, where the weights are the inferred cluster responsibilities. We demonstrate the strengths of our approach in effective diagnosis on a realistic dataset of dermatological conditions.44Adapted from Few-shot Learning for Dermatological Disease Diagnosis, Proceedings of the Machine Learning for Healthcare Conference, 2019 [20].