Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of thermal insulation. A thermal insulation material offers high resistance to the flow of heat that is a material of low thermal conductivity. Insulating materials in most common use have a thermal conductivity of between 0.029 and 0.15 W/m °C. More recently developed insulating materials for use with warm air heating systems are aluminum foil, expanded ebonite, expanded polystyrene, and polyurethane. In the manufacture of an insulating product, care is taken to adjust the packing density of the material between the two limits of having air pockets too large and too continuous to promote a high rate of convective heat flow within the air pockets. The specification of a thermal conductivity for a particular insulating material must always be accompanied by information concerning the applicable temperature and density. The choice of thermal insulation for a particular project necessarily depends on many factors such as local availability of materials and skilled labor, importance of neat appearance, and temperature of the duct or plant being insulated.
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