Abstract
This chapter examines parallel processing. Parallel processing is most beneficial for certain types of operations in very large data warehouses, sometimes in smaller databases for a small number of operations, and rarely in online transaction processing (OLTP) or heavily concurrent transaction databases. Parallel processing in an Oracle Database needs three things: (1) a database large enough, and of appropriate application type, to actually be able to use parallel processing effectively, (2) spare resources in the form of multiple central processing units (CPUs), CPU, memory, and I/O capacity to spare, and (3) a database requiring operations that can be executed in parallel. The chapter explains different aspects of parallel execution, including parallel queries, indexing, subqueries, DML, and partitioning operations. The two most significant factors affecting parallel processing are physical I/O partitioning and multiple CPUs. Other factors, such as minimizing logging, multiple archivers, and database writer processes, can help with parallel execution, but as with parallel processing itself, any overindulgence with resources can become difficult for the database to manage if implemented in excess.
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