Abstract

This chapter discusses the physical processes that occur during the interaction of high-power laser radiation with materials. These processes aid in understanding the capabilities and limitations of the laser based material processing. When the laser radiation strikes a target surface, part of it is absorbed and part is reflected. The energy that is absorbed begins to heat the surface. Under some conditions, there can be important effects due to the absorption of energy in the plasma formed by vaporized material above the target surface. The laser-induced melting is useful because of its welding applications. Melting without vaporization is produced only within a narrow range of laser parameters. If the laser irradiance is too high, the surface begins to vaporize before a significant depth of molten material is produced. This implies that there is a maximum irradiance suitable for welding applications. For effective melting, the laser pulse duration should be approximately equal to the thermal time constant for the metallic sample.

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