Abstract

Beneficial insect biodiversity in an agricultural ecosystem is important for biological control of pest which is the safest method of pest control as compared to other methods including use of pesticides. Pest being a major threat to the agricultural productivity need to be controlled in a sustainable way. Beneficial insects comprise of natural enemies or the pest predators (feed on pests) and plant pollinators. However, extensive use of pesticides destroys the pests as well as all the nonpest species which are of great importance in the agro-systems. This leads to disruption of natural balance of the ecosystem. This can be reversed by preserving the natural enemies and the pollinators by sustainable use of chemical pesticides. This chapter reviews the effects of many broad-spectrum pesticides on the nonpest insects present in different crop ecosystems such as wheat, rice, maize/corn, and sorghum.

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