Abstract

This chapter discusses the difference between the natural and the social sciences. The differences between the natural and the social sciences have been both exaggerated and minimized. To some writers, the differences have seemed so categorical that they decided to appropriate the designation science for the natural sciences and to deny it to the study of social phenomena. Others insisted on the scientific character of the study of cultural phenomena but still held that natural and cultural sciences were so fundamentally different that they required contrary methodological approaches. These extreme positions had to be countered; it was important to show that in most respects—especially regarding the logic of inquiry, cognition, generalization, verification, and application—there were no fundamental differences between natural and social sciences.

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