Abstract
This chapter describes how a model of case marking based on the two functions of case should be augmented with the notion of argument strength and shows how this extended approach derives split-case marking in the subject and object positions in Hindi. Hindi presents a serious problem for an analysis along the lines of the distinguishing function of case when it comes to differential subject marking. Differential subject marking in transitive clauses is restricted by the verb class and aspect in the sense that agents of perfective highly transitive predicates are assigned the ergative case. For the class of highly transitive predicates, there seems to be a general principle of preserving the relative distance between the subject and the object such that case marking appears when the object becomes more agent-like.
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