Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the petroleum industry and the metabolism of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) leading to sulfide production. It also discusses the occurrence, types, and activities of nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB), which might be found in oil field waters, and some laboratory studies that have elucidated the mechanisms by which NRB control sulfide produced by SRB. Some oil field experiences with nitrate injection to control sulfide in wastewaters, surface waters, and oil field waters, and some of the U. S. patents that apply to this microbial process have been discussed in the chapter. Although nitrite, rather than nitrate, addition has been studied, the chapter solely focuses on the use of nitrate to control sulfide in oil field waters. This is a proven biotechnology that is under-utilized by the petroleum industry.
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