Abstract

Demographic disparities and social determinants of health have been shown to affect healthcare outcomes across many various chronic conditions in the United States. Social determinants of health include education, income, insurance status, and healthcare access. Recent literature has demonstrated that both demographics and social determinants of health lead to disparities in the care of rhinology patients. Demographic disparities and social determinants of health affect the prevalence, presentation, treatment, and outcome of adult and pediatric patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. They have also been found to lead to disparities in patients with sinonasal malignancies and olfactory dysfunction. Lastly, while attempts have been made to reduce disparities in clinical research, evidence continues to show that disparities remain in research cohorts that limit generalizability of results.

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