Abstract
Soluble antigens can be captured by a wide variety of specific receptors on the surface of dendritic cells (DCs), and internalized for processing and presentation by class I and class II molecules. Antigens bind to receptors and cluster in coated pits, and are then internalized in clathrin-coated vesicles, which are about 0.1 μm in diameter, in an ATP-dependent process. In DCs, antigens internalized by Fc receptors may be partially degraded and exported from the endocytic vesicle to avoid complete destruction of potential epitopes. Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a very efficient way to selectively target antigens to the class II processing pathway. Both Fc receptors and mannose receptor can enhance the efficiency of presentation of soluble antigens by 100–1000-fold. Antigens in immune complexes taken up by the Fc receptors can be presented by class II MHC much more efficiently than in soluble form. In addition, CD32 has been shown to mediate uptake of antigens for presentation to class I molecules in DCs.
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