Abstract
Publisher Summary Plasma is a large collection of electrically charged particles possessing opposite signs. The collection is electrically neutral, capable of being characterized by not too low a kinetic temperature, and large enough so that the particles shield each other from their Coulomb fields as well as impinging fields. The interest in plasmas in solids is primarily motivated by two desires. The first (chronologically) is to learn more about the structure of solids. The other primary motivation for research on plasmas in semiconductors and semimetals is the wish to learn more about the plasma state of matter. As non-equilibrium plasmas are more independent of the properties of the solid in which they are produced than equilibrium plasmas, they are the natural choice for investigating plasma effects. Exceptions are the theories on the pinch effect and on temporal and spatial growth of helical density waves. Spatial growth of helical density waves also occurs in equilibrium plasmas, but non-equilibrium plasmas have the virtue of possessing much more promise of practical application.
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