Abstract
Application of microbial electrochemical technologies (METs) for electricity production and their significance in imparting self-sustainability to wastewater treatment plants have been discussed. The fundamentals and the working principles behind METs and the key role of electroactive microorganisms are elaborated with a broader aspect of their application in the energy and environmental arena. Correlation between electro-microbiology and METs is established for easy understanding of the new type of microbial respiration and their significant role in the oxidation of organic matter coupled with extracellular electron transfer. The electricity recovery achievable in microbial fuel cell, the most widely investigated variant of METs, and practical implementations in the field are highlighted with a special focus on future challenges. Thus, emphasize is being given at developing an in-situ treatment option for sustainable wastewater treatment in the light of microbial fuel cell and in combination with other METs.
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