Chapter 11 - Green biocomposite materials for sustainable remediation application

Abstract

Composites are basically a combination of two or more phases. “Green biocomposites” or “ecocomposites” in comparison with the conventional synthetic composites have lesser harmful effects on the environment and can potentially replace them. Biodegradability and biocompatibility are the two main advantages of green biocomposites over synthetic ones that make them a good alternative, further they possess lower density, toughness, and they are less irritant for the skin and respiratory track. Biocomposites also have a positive impact on world economy by the development of energy-saving products with improved life quality. They show variation in thermal stability and water solubility. These days’ researchers are also focusing more on the preparation of high performing biocomposites in nano-range, as they provide field to create a novel functional material in a sustainable and resourceful manner. Biocomposites offer wide areas of application and diversity in their potential in the field of energy and environmental remediation. Nanocomposite prepared via green synthesis methods such as metal oxides, carbon or polymeric nanocomposites are proving themselves effective for the removal of various organic and inorganic water pollutants (heavy metals, phenolic compounds, dyes, etc.). They possess high adsorption efficiency as well as higher catalytic efficiency that help in complete mineralization of toxic organic compounds. Till now several biocomposites synthesized via different methods are successfully used in various water treatment processes by researchers. The present chapter aims toward the application of green biocomposites for the removal of various water pollutants through different remediation techniques.